In many developing nations, people tend to move from rural areas to big cities in the pursuit of better opportunities. I will firstly discuss problems arising from internal migration, and secondly, measures which countries need to take to address these challenges.
These days many rural populations migrate to cities and towns in order to improve their lives. It is evident that this internal migration causes specific challenges. First and foremost, villages and other rural areas might lose qualified labor workforce. Consequently, there is a huge shortage of professionals who could work in agriculture or in farming. As a result, it leads to a slow development of these sectors and hinders economic growth of rural areas. Furthermore, due to internal migration, cities become far more overpopulated and packed with internal migrants. The more overcrowded the city is, the higher the unemployment rates are. For example, an increased number of Azerbaijani village dwellers opt to migrate to Baku. It results in fewer workplaces and more unemployed individuals residing in the city.
Governments should take steps to tackle the trend of rural populations moving to megapolices. Firstly, new job opportunities should be created and an average salary of residents should be raised. Additionally, the infrastructure should be significantly developed and higher education institutions should be established. If rural areas are at the same level of development as cities, people will not have a need to migrate to urban places. For instance, German people are reluctant to move to Berlin or Frankfurt because towns where they live in offer them all the opportunities in terms of education, accommodation, entertainment.
In conclusion, loss of labor force and overpopulation are the primary challenges caused by the internal migration, and the best ways to solve this problem are the introduction of new job opportunities, a salary raise, and the enhanced infrastructure.