The line graph illustrates the fluctuations in birth and death rates in New Zealand over a two-century period, specifically from 1901 to 2101.
In summary, while the birth rate initially experienced substantial growth, it ultimately declined significantly, whereas the death rate demonstrated a consistent upward trend, surpassing the birth rate by the mid-21st century.
In 1901, New Zealand’s birth rate commenced at approximately 20 per 1,000 individuals, ascending gradually to reach a notable peak of about 65 per 1,000 in the 1960s. Following this peak, a pronounced decline ensued, with the rate diminishing to around 55 per 1,000 by 2001. Projections indicate a further downturn, forecasting a birth rate of approximately 40 per 1,000 by 2101. This trajectory exhibits a significant shift in demographic dynamics, suggesting a longer-term decline in population growth.
Conversely, the death rate began at a lowly 10 per 1,000 in 1901 and experienced a continual increase throughout the observed period. By 1921, the death rate had surged to about 20 per 1,000, maintaining a steady rise thereafter. The rate reached approximately 28 per 1,000 by 2001 and is anticipated to escalate dramatically to around 20 per 1,000 by 2101, ultimately peaking at approximately 59 per 1,000 in 2061. This trend signifies a growing proportion of older individuals within the population, culminating in a higher mortality rate.