Band 9: The graph below gives information about changes in the birth and death rates in New Zealand between 1901 and 2101. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The line graph illustrates the fluctuations in birth and death rates in New Zealand from 1901 to 2101.

Overall, while the birth rate has shown a gradual decline over the century, the death rate exhibits a consistent increase, particularly notable in the latter half of the timeline.

Initially, the birth rate in New Zealand was approximately double that of the death rate, which stood at around 10 per 1000 in 1901. This disparity continued until the 1960s, when the birth rate peaked at approximately 65 per 1000. Following this peak, a pronounced decline ensued, resulting in a projected birth rate of around 40 per 1000 by the year 2101. This trend illustrates a significant demographic shift as the decades progressed.

Conversely, the death rate began at about 10 per 1000 and has shown a steady upward trajectory throughout the observed period. By mid-century, deaths increased gradually before experiencing a significant upsurge, culminating in an estimated rate of 20 per 1000 by 2101. This persistent increase in the death rate contrasts sharply with the declining birth rate, indicating an evolving demographic landscape in New Zealand.