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The image illustrates a nitrogen cycle diagram showing gaseous nitrogen being fixed by lightning and plants, with arrows indicating nitrogen flows. Plants (fixation by plants) and animals (protein) incorporate nitrogen. When organic matter decomposes, it releases ammonium, which then converts to nitrite and further to nitrate, both of which are absorbed by plants. The cycle completes with denitrification releasing nitrogen back to the atmosphere.
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Approximately 90% of nitrogen exists in our atmosphere and can be fixated on Earth in two ways. Firstly, plants fixate nitrogen, transferring it to the soil in the form of ammonium, which then converts into nitrite and nitrate. Secondly, nitrogen gas can be fixated by lightning, which directly converts it into nitrate.
Nitrate in the soil is absorbed by plants, and eventually returns to the atmosphere. Animals consume these plants, incorporating nitrogen into their proteins. When animals die and their bodies decompose, nitrogen is reintroduced to the soil as ammonium, which then transforms into nitrite and nitrate.
Before returning to the atmosphere, nitrate undergoes a process called denitrification, which releases nitrogen gas back into the atmosphere
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