Process Diagram

Band 8+: The diagram below shows how leather goods are produced. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

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Image for topic: The diagram below shows how leather goods are produced. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

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The image illustrates the leather goods production process beginning with animal skin drying, followed by transportation to a factory where it undergoes washing in a water and lime solution, subsequent soaking in a lime bath, continued to another soaking phase with tannin comprised of water and vegetable matter, proceeding to a flattening step, transitional polishing phase, final transportation back to the factory, and concluding with the production of finished leather goods.

Given the complexity of the image, the above description may not be entirely accurate.

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The diagram describes the process of leather products in the manufacturing industry.

Overall, it can be seen that this is a linear human-produced process, which consists of 11 main stages. The process begins with the drying of animal skin and ends with a production of leather goods.

Firstly, the process starts with drying an animal skin, after which it is transported to a factory where it is processed into leather. The skin is then washed in a mixture of water and lime and afterwards it is soaked in lime only. Next, the soaked material is flattened using a machine.

After it is flattened, the material is soaked in tannin, which consists of water and vegetable matter before being polished to improve its appearance. Then, it is delivered in a van to a factory, where it is manufactured into various leather products, including shoes, bags and balls.

Word Count: 146

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Overall Band Score

(+/- 0.5)

Vocabulary Complexity:
B2 - Upper Intermediate
Opt for even more advanced words when appropriate.

Grammar Mistakes: N/A

Vocabulary Repetition:

process: 4

leather: 4

which: 3

soaked: 3

Try using synonyms for the above words

Task Response

The report fully satisfies the requirements of the task. It provides a clear overview of the process, identifies the number of stages, and accurately describes the sequence of events from start to finish. The use of cohesive devices and sequencing language is effective, and the description of the individual stages is precise and well-structured. The report falls short of the required 150 words.

Coherence & Cohesion

The report is logically organized and easy to follow. You have used a variety of cohesive devices such as 'Firstly', 'after which', 'afterwards', and 'Next' to guide the reader through the stages. The paragraphing is appropriate, separating the introduction/overview from the detailed description. To reach a higher band, try to use even more sophisticated transitional phrases to avoid a slightly repetitive 'step-by-step' feel.

Lexical Resource

The vocabulary used is accurate and appropriate for a process description (e.g., 'consists of', 'manufactured into', 'mixture'). You successfully paraphrased parts of the visual description. To improve, you could incorporate more varied verbs to describe the transformations occurring at each stage, such as 'subsequently treated with' or 'subjected to' instead of relying heavily on 'is/are + past participle'.

Grammatical Range & Accuracy

The report demonstrates a good range of grammatical structures, particularly the effective use of the passive voice, which is essential for describing processes. Most sentences are error-free. There are minor issues with article usage (e.g., 'ends with a production' should be 'ends with the production'), but these do not impede communication. Aim for more complex sentence structures by combining multiple stages into single, more intricate sentences.

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