The diagram provides information about the procedure of purifying raw water through a slow sand filter.
Overall, the schema illustrates the linear principle operation of water percolation by the sand filter. Water filtration comprises three main steps, commencing with pouring polluted water into a filtering barrel, then relying on natural materials to remove impurities from water, and ending with leading clean water into a storage tank.
Regarding design, the slow sand filter is divided into three components, including two small tanks and a large main compartment. In there, there is a break pressure chamber to push raw water into the inlet of the main tank separated by a partition. In addition, the main compartment filters the turbid water, with three essential components: fine sand (about 60 – 90 cm thick), a gravel layer (about 20-30 cm thick), and a drain pipe, which functions to lead to the clean water storage tank.
In the first stage of the process, raw water is poured into a plastic tube. Following that, based on pressure, the water is pushed into the main tank and filtered through the first layer of sand, followed by percolation through the gravel layer. Subsequently, the percolated water will go through the underground drainage system. Consequently, all of the water after this process is then stored in a storage nest tank.