The diagram illustrates the process of generating electricity from geothermal energy.
Overall, electricity production involves five main stages, beginning with the extraction of heat from beneath the Earth’s surface and ending with electricity being supplied by a generator. The process relies on naturally occurring geothermal heat to convert water into steam, which is then used to power a turbine.
First, cold water is pumped approximately 4.5 kilometres underground through an injection well. The water then passes through a geothermal zone, which consists of hot rocks located deep below the Earth’s surface. As the water flows through this area, it absorbs heat from the surrounding rocks and becomes hot.
Next, the heated water is forced back to the surface through a separate production well. Once it reaches ground level, it enters a condenser, where it is transformed into steam. This steam is then directed towards a turbine, causing its blades to rotate. The spinning turbine drives a generator, which converts the mechanical energy into electrical energy. Finally, the electricity produced by the generator is supplied for use.
In summary, the system uses underground heat to raise the temperature of water, producing steam that powers a turbine and enables the generation of electricity.