The given diagram illustrates the design and operation of a modern landfill for household waste.
It can be seen from the diagram that there are four distinct stages in the man-made process of designing and using this landfill, involving careful construction, usage and closure phases to minimize the environmental impact.
This diagram commences with man-made hole which is excavated in a natural rock base. After that, this hole is lined with a layer of clay and synthetic substance to limit contamination. Also, drainage pipes and drainage tank are installed in order to contain liquid waste, known as leachate, which results from waste decomposition.
In the subsequent step is that household waste is deposited into this landfill. Over time, It is compressed, and leachate is made, but it can not harm the environment by means of above careful construction. Lastly, this landfill is sealed once it reaches capacity. It is evident that a layer of clay is added above landfill and a layer of soil is added below to curb negative impacts on the environment. Additionally, gas pipes are installed to safely vent gases generated during waste composition.
