The diagram illustrates the process of geothermal energy in the generation of electricity.
The process of harnessing geothermal energy begins with the pumping of cold water down a vertical pipeline, covering a distance of 4.5 kilometres. As the cold water travels through the pipeline, it reaches the injection well, where it enters the geothermal zone characterized by hot rocks. In this zone, the cold water undergoes a remarkable transformation, absorbing heat from the rocks and gradually turning into hot water. After the thermal exchange takes place, the hot water continues its journey and reaches the production well. At this stage, the hot water is pumped back up to the surface, ready to be utilized as a sustainable source of energy for various purposes.
Upon reaching a container above ground through the pumping process, the hot water undergoes a transformation from a liquid state to steam through a condenser. This conversion is achieved by transferring the heat from the hot water to a cooling medium, such as air or water, causing the water molecules to gain energy and transform into steam. Once the steam is formed, it is directed through a connection point to another container where an integrated turbine and generator are housed. The turbine, driven by the high-pressure steam, initiates a rotational motion which powers the generator. After the electricity is generated, it is transmitted to high-voltage towers for distribution.