The picture illustrates the stages involved in the production of electricity utilizing water energy. / The picture depicts the multi-stage process by which a hydroelectric power station produces electricity.
Overall, the process is complex one which relies on sophisticated technology, including a turbine and a pump, and which consists of four main stages: water collection, electricity production, water recycling and electricity distribution. Notably, water is re-used in the process, making this electricity generation method highly efficient and sustainable.
In detail, the first stage commences with the sun hitting the sea surface, which results in water evaporation. The vapor then condenses into clouds, which rain in a reservoir area afterwards. Once adequate rain water has been collected in the reservoir held by a dam, the valve is opened beneath the dam to allow the outflow of water. The water, thereafter, descends through a pipe to the power station, causing the turbine to spin and generate electricity. While the electricity is transmitted via overhead high-voltage cables to the transformer station, the used water is pumped up to the reservoir. To facilitate the recycling, however, the value must be closed for the prevention of the leakage. In the transformer station, meanwhile, the voltage is lowered to 220 V so that the electricity can be safely allocated between different consumers through underground cables such as public buildings, factories and private houses.