Process Diagram

Band 8+: You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The diagram below shows how a biofuel called ethanol is produced. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

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Image for topic: You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The diagram below shows how a biofuel called ethanol is produced. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

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The image illustrates the biofuel production process for ethanol, showing plants and trees growing using energy from sunlight and carbon dioxide, followed by harvesting. Pre-processing involves treating cellulose, leading to processing where sugars are produced. Microbes are added to convert sugars into ethanol. Carbon dioxide is shown as a byproduct in different stages including during the use in cars, trucks, and planes.

Given the complexity of the image, the above description may not be entirely accurate.

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This diagram illustrates the process of ethanol production from plants and trees. The cycle begins with plants that use sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow. When it’s big enough, this biomass is sent to pre-processing stage where it is broken down into cellulose.

Next, during the processing phase, the extracted cellulose is converted into simple sugars. Following this conversion, microbes are added to the mixture, as a result of their activity, sugar became ethanol and water.

At the end of this technological chain, purified ethanol can be used as a biofuel for various means of transport, including cars, trucks, and airplanes. After being used in engines during transport operations, the products are released and return to the atmosphere. Specifically, the carbon dioxide returns to the air and closing the loop so that new plants can absorb it again and the natural cycle repeats itself continuously.

Overall, ethanol production is a cyclical process that involves the growth of plants, the extraction and processing of cellulose, and the eventual use of ethanol as fuel.

Word Count: 172

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Overall Band Score

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Vocabulary Complexity:
C2 - Complex
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Grammar Mistakes: N/A

Vocabulary Repetition:

ethanol: 5

plants: 4

Try using synonyms for the above words

Task Response

The report effectively covers the main stages of the ethanol production process, from plant growth to the use of ethanol as fuel, and correctly identifies the cyclical nature of the process. It includes relevant details about the inputs (sunlight, carbon dioxide) and outputs (ethanol, carbon dioxide) and makes a clear overall statement. There are minor omissions, such as not explicitly mentioning the pre-processing treatment of cellulose or the byproduct of carbon dioxide during fermentation, but these do not detract significantly from the overall task achievement. The report is well-structured and coherent, with a clear overview and logical progression.

Coherence & Cohesion

The report is well-organized and follows the process logically. The use of sequencing words (e.g., 'Next', 'Following this', 'At the end') helps the reader follow the steps. The overall structure is clear, with a brief introduction, body paragraphs describing the process, and a concluding overview. However, there are minor lapses in cohesion, such as the phrase 'and closing the loop' which could be more smoothly integrated. Additionally, the final sentence of the third paragraph could be rephrased for better flow. Overall, the message is easy to follow, and paragraphing is managed well.

Lexical Resource

The report demonstrates a good range of vocabulary appropriate for the task, including terms like 'biomass', 'cellulose', 'microbes', 'biofuel', and 'cyclical process'. The language is generally precise and natural. There are a few minor phrasing issues, such as 'When it's big enough' which could be more formal (e.g., 'Once mature'), and 'as a result of their activity' could be more concise. However, these do not detract significantly from the overall clarity. The lexical resource is strong, but there is room for more sophisticated control.

Grammatical Range & Accuracy

The report uses a variety of sentence structures, including complex sentences with subordinate clauses. Grammar is mostly accurate, with only minor errors such as 'sugar became ethanol' (should be 'sugars become ethanol' or 'sugars are converted into ethanol') and 'and closing the loop' (should be 'closing the loop' or 'thus closing the loop'). Punctuation is generally correct. The range of structures is good, but there is a slight lack of flexibility in using passive voice consistently, which is common in process descriptions. Overall, the grammatical accuracy is high, with only minor lapses.

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