Nowadays, most people prefer to live big cities for employment options which cause the overpopulation in that city. Governments are finding solutions to encourage people to move to suburban areas. I believe drawbacks of moving policy to the rural areas outweigh the benefit.
The main disadvantage of encouraging people to move other cities may be less accesses to services which comparing with megacities. In cities, people got to use to reach everything easily from supermarkets to health and education services. Unfortunately, rural areas usually have only limited amount of services and this will make people to visit other cities in the neighborhood. For example, Azerbaijan has 10 million of population and half of these are living in the capital city, where all universities, international companies and businesses are located. Although 77 cities of Azerbaijan only 5 cities have colleges and universities with not good education, that make people to move cities for better employment and education purposes. Morever other cons of this strategy is that newcomers’ social isolation. It is common to see on rural areas that local people are more believed and closed people and not welcome to new people. There are less social places in suburbs so, most of their time they spend at home or relatives. That may cause to productivity of people who move there. For example, in Turkiye, regarding to the government’s new policy all teachers needed to start their career first in rural areas, as a result it causes social tension between locals and newcomers.
The major advantage of this policy is it will reduce traffic and air-pollution in the cities. Transforming people to these areas may decrease the number of vehicles and noises. Opening the new workplaces can reduce the unemployment and create more opportunities for fresh graduates to start their career. Regarding to Ministry of Education in Azerbaijan, new graduates how want to work in small town get up to 20-30% more salary, which encourage people to move and live these towns.
In conclusion, in my opinion, there are some advantages of living and working in rural areas; however, drawbacks clearly outweigh them in terms of accessibility and social isolation.