The diagram illustrates the process of extracting oil from aromatic plants to produce perfume. Overall, this multi-stage extraction process begins with heating water over a fire source and culminates in the separation of two distinct products: essential oil and aromatic water (hydrolate).
Initially, water contained in a glass vessel is subjected to heat from a fire source. Once the water reaches its boiling point, steam is generated and channeled through a tube into a chamber containing aromatic plants. The resulting mixture of steam and oil vapor then proceeds to a condenser unit.
In the subsequent stages, cold water is circulated through the condenser via a cylindrical pipe, facilitating the cooling process. The condensed mixture, comprising water and essential oil, then flows into a separator unit. In the final phase, this mixture enters a Y-shaped separator where the two components are effectively segregated based on their different densities. The hydrolate (aromatic water) is drawn off through an upper outlet, while the essential oil is collected through a lower pipe.