The diagram illustrates how clean drinking water is produced from seawater through the removal of salt.
Overall, the process consists of six stages, starting with the transportation of saltwater for pre-treatment and concluding with the storage of potable water.
Initially, seawater is passed through a pre-treatment filter, where it undergoes an initial filtering process. Next, the filtered water is subjected to pressure in a membrane system. During this stage, impurities and salt particles larger than the membrane’s pores are removed, allowing only water molecules to pass through.
In the next stage, the filtered liquid moves to the post-treatment phase. The earlier stages have already filtered out the majority of the saltwater, and any resulting wastewater (including filter backwash and seawater concentrate) is redirected back into the ocean.
During the post-treatment stage, lime, chlorine, and fluoride are added to the filtered water. Finally, in the last step, the treated water is stored, preparing it for integration into the water supply system