The diagram illustrates the end-to-end process of manufacturing a pencil. It comprises several steps from planting trees to the complete form of pencil-in-use, which can be grouped into 2 main stage: materials preparation and production.
As an initial input of the whole process, the trees are grown from the seeds sowed in a well-conditioned piece of land in 4 months. After that, they are replanted for a more thinned ones to make sure each tree has enough sources of nutrients to grow. When the trees are mature, typically after 14 years since the previous step, they are cut down for woods and the qualified ones are transported to the factory and entered the production process.
The production starts with cutting the woods using a machine into thin slices which must have the same size as another. Then, they are treated in a container for 60 days before coming to the next step. After that, each slice is put lines of glue on its surface. Each line is separated from another by a groove. Immediately, the black lead is put on top of the slice right at the same position as the glue. When the black leads are sticked strongly to the slat, a new slat is put on top everything, which fitted the size of the below slat. The next step is to use a machine that helps creating hard pressure on the combination and heating it, which makes it become a fixed single object. When everything is sticked to together, it is cut right in the position of the grove into pieces with 2 slats of wood and the black lead in the middle.
At the end of the process, the painted, sharpened and stamped pencils are formed and packed into a box of pencils to be ready for commercial launch. The process is well captured from planting trees for the input to the box of pencils as an output.