Band 5+: The diagram below shows the stages and equipment used in the cement-making process and how cement is used to produce concrete for building purposes. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

These given process diagrams display the manufacturing process of cement and the role in concrete production.

First, clay and limestone are mashed using a crusher; then, the resulting powder is placed through to the mixer. The mixuture passes from the pipe to the rotating heater, which has a source of thermal energy attached to one of it ends. The product is polished with the help of grinder eventually bringing out cement, wrapped up in bags and ready to use.

The element of the concrete blend are measured into 4 main components with percentage. For instance, gravel, which means small stones, constitutes the majority to half of main component to make a concrete, while sand makes up a quarter percent of whole compound, then cement is 15% and 10% of water. Those are then deposite inside to the concrete mixture to make a thick texture for building a house, office, apartment, hotels, and other essential buildings.

Overall, limestone and clay undergo a series of treatment to obtain cement. This acquire product is furthered processed to derive concrete.