The line graph illustrates the percentage of households in a European country that owned three types of electrical appliances — washing machines, refrigerators, and vacuum cleaners — between 1920 and 2019.
Overall, ownership of all three appliances increased over the period, with refrigerators and vacuum cleaners reaching saturation point by the end. Among the three, refrigerators saw the most rapid growth, while washing machines showed a relatively slower increase and slight fluctuation.
In 1920, around 30% of households had vacuum cleaners, while only 10% owned refrigerators and washing machines. Refrigerator ownership rose sharply throughout the century, reaching 100% by approximately 1980 and maintaining that level thereafter. Similarly, vacuum cleaner ownership climbed steadily and also hit 100% by around 2000.
Washing machines, on the other hand, experienced a more gradual rise. From 10% in 1920, the figure increased to about 70% by 1980. Although there was a slight dip around 1980–1990, the trend continued upward, reaching about 90% by 2019, without ever attaining full penetration.
These trends highlight the growing accessibility of household technology over the 20th century, reflecting both economic development and changes in domestic life.