The line diagram demonstrates the population size, birth rate, and death rate of England and Wales between 1700 and 2000.
Overall, the population size has seen a dramatic increase over the years, while the death rate has decreased. The birth rate has fluctuated and nearly returned to its initial value at the end of the recorded period.
In 1700, the population size was about 2 million, then it moved up steadily year on year to reach a peak of more than 50 million in 2000. The only exception is a slight dip in 1800 when it returned back to 2 million after being close to 10 million in 1750.
The birth rate initially increased from 30 to 40 babies per 1000 people between 1700 and 1750. It plateaued for a while before decreasing again to around 32 per 1000 individuals in 1850. After that, it plateaued again before further decreasing to about 22 per 1000 people in 1950. Finally, it returned to its about 35 per 1000 people in 2000. The death rate followed a very similar trend where it first increased, plateaued, then decreased. However, the death rate was always less than the birth rate by around 10 points, it also did not increase at the end of the recorded period.