The given line graph illustrates information about the population number, and also compares the birth and mortality rates of two specific countries, namely England and Wales, for a period of 300 years, starting at 1700 and ending at 2000. The units are measured in numbers of people.
Overall, it can be seen that the population showed an upward trend, whereas death and birth rates experienced a fluctuating trend.
In the beginning, the death and birth rates followed a similar trend from 1700 to 1950. From 1700 to 1750, an increase was seen in both, with the birth rate rising from 30 to 40 births per 1000 people and the death rate increasing from just over 25 to approximately 37 per thousand people. There was stability in both for the next half century, after which there was a sharp fall in both rates, reaching the lowest point of around 20 per thousand people by 1950. From 1950 to 2000, the death rate remained stable. In contrast, the birth rate grew rapidly, from around 22 to 35 births per thousand people.
Meanwhile, over the three centuries, there was a sharp escalation in population from about 2.5 million in 1700 to 50 million in 2000, with a short period of leveling off from 1750 to 1800.