The pie charts compare the distribution of household expenditure across six categories in a European country in 1990 and 2020.
Overall, food and housing accounted for the largest shares of household expenditure in both years, while “other” remained the smallest category. Over the period, spending patterns changed across the categories.
1-In 1990, food accounted for the largest proportion of household expenditure in the European country, representing 35% of total spending. Housing comprised a further 25%, while transport made up 15%. Entertainment and clothing each contributed 10%, whereas other expenses represented the smallest share at just 5%.
By 2020, spending patterns had changed considerably. Housing experienced the most significant increase, rising by 10 percentage points to 35% and becoming the largest category overall. Transport and entertainment also saw moderate growth, increasing to 20% and 15% respectively. In contrast, expenditure on food declined dramatically from 35% to 20%, despite remaining one of the major household expenses. Similarly, the proportion spent on clothing fell by half to 5% over the period. Meanwhile, spending on other categories remained stable at 5% in both years.