The diagrams show how a modern landfill is constructed and used to manage household waste.
Overall, the process includes three main stages: building the landfill, filling it with waste, and dealing with the by-products like liquid and gas.
First, a deep hole is dug in the ground, usually in an area with natural rock. The hole is lined with a thick clay layer and a special man-made liner to stop any leakage. A drainage tank is placed at the bottom, and drainage pipes are installed above the liner. These help collect any liquid waste that comes from the garbage. Once the landfill is ready, household waste is added. The liquid from the waste flows through the pipes and into the tank, which protects the soil around the landfill from pollution.
In the last stage, gas produced by the decaying waste is collected through a gas vent linked to the pipes. This gas can be safely released or used. Finally, the landfill is closed with a clay layer to keep the waste sealed and reduce harm to the environment.