Band 9: The graph below gives information about changes in the birth and death rates in New Zealand between 1901 and 2101.Summarize the information be selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

The provided line graph illustrates the fluctuations in birth and death rates in New Zealand from 1901, extending to projections for the year 2101.

Overall, the data reveals a notable increase in both birth and death rates over the examined century, with births peaking mid-century before experiencing a resurgence, whereas deaths demonstrate a consistent upward trajectory culminating towards the end of the period.

In 1901, the birth rate was approximately 40,000, which witnessed a significant rise to reach around 65,000 by 1941, marking its peak. This was succeeded by a decline to roughly 55,000 in 1961. Nonetheless, the birth rate is projected to return to around 65,000 by 2101, indicating an overall stability despite mid-century fluctuations.

Conversely, the death rate exhibited a gradual increase from about 10,000 in 1901 to approximately 20,000 by 2021. This trend accelerates considerably in the subsequent decades, culminating in an estimated death rate of around 65,000 by 2101. The conspicuous divergence between the two rates suggests significant demographic shifts, potentially driven by advancements in healthcare and changes in population structure.