Everything has a good side and a bad side, but children do not know how to differentiate between right and wrong. As such the task has fallen upon the parents and teachers to teach them the difference between positive and negative decisions. I think we do not need to punish childrens to teach this considering that if we punish them, there will be nergative effects that will befall on to the child.
Parents and teachers are the only one who can teach a child about good and bad at an early age, to do so some say that punishment is necessary but it is not agreeable beacuse some times it leaves the child scarred for life for example if a parent or teacher punishes a child by hitting them for doing some thing bad then that child will always be afraid to do something even if the thing is god. The reason behind that is before punishing we did not teach the child that it is bad and what will be the conciquence of it for that a child fears to do something because they think the next time they do something they will be punished .
Without punishing them we can show them why doing so is bad and also show them that what the conciquence might be. These will not only help them underdstand but also give them a good impression of what an ideal adult will be like.