The diagram illustrates how electricity is produced from geothermal energy. The process of generating electricity involves five main stages: cold water injection, underground heating, hot water extraction, steam conversion, and power generation.
First, cold water is pumped down approximately 4.5 kilometers into the ground through what is known as the injection well. This water enters the geothermal zone, an area where natural heat from hot rocks warms the water.
In the next stage, the heated water is extracted through the production well as hot water. This hot water is then directed to a condenser, where it is transformed into steam.
The steam moves into a turbine, where its force turns the blades. This mechanical movement powers a generator, which ultimately produces electricity. After powering the turbine, the steam is cooled back into water in the condenser and is re-injected, completing the cycle.
Overall, this process forms a closed loop that continuously recycles water while efficiently converting geothermal heat into electrical energy without emitting harmful gases.