The provided diagram illustrates the multi-stage process of manufacturing two different types of paper from wood: rough paper for boxes and refined paper for printing.
Overall, the process begins with the harvesting of trees and follows a linear sequence of mechanical and chemical treatments to create pulp. This material is then processed through one of two distinct paths depending on the desired final product.
Initially, trees are felled into logs and fed into a chipping machine. Alternatively, chips can be purchased directly. These chips enter a digester, where they are broken down into fibers. Following this, the material passes through washers and a pulp screen to remove impurities.
After the screening stage, the cleaning pulp splits into two lines. For rough paper, the pulp enters a former and is dried before being wound into a reel, cut, and packaged into bales. For refined paper, the pulp undergoes additional cleaning, pressing, and drying to produce a smoother finish, resulting in large paper rolls.