The two pie charts illustrate the proportion of energy capacity in gigawatts (GW) from various sources in 2012 and the projected figures for 2030.
Overall, the total energy capacity is expected to almost double, increasing from 5,579 GW in 2012 to 10,569 GW in 2030. Although fossil fuels will remain the dominant energy source, their share will decline significantly, while renewable sources such as solar and wind are predicted to increase.
In 2012, fossil fuels accounted for the largest share of energy production at 64%, which was nearly three times higher than other renewables (22%). Nuclear energy contributed 6%, while wind and solar made up 5% and 2%, respectively. Flexible capacity was the least significant, at only 1%.
By 2030, the reliance on fossil fuels is expected to drop to 44%, a sharp decrease of 20 percentage points. Meanwhile, other renewables will experience a slight decline to 19%. In contrast, solar energy will see a notable increase, rising from 2% to 12%, while wind power will also grow from 5% to 18%. Nuclear energy will experience a minor reduction to 5%, whereas flexible capacity will remain unchanged at 2%.
Despite the decline in fossil fuel dependency, it will still contribute the largest proportion of energy in 2030. However, wind and solar energy will see the most significant growth, with wind expanding by 13 percentage points and solar by 10 percentage points. Nuclear energy, on the other hand, will decrease slightly, while flexible capacity will remain stable.